Many times we'll observe a patient with a particular or peculiar physical finding
that can give us important insight...into an underlying pathology.
Needless to say....the boards also like you to know some of these clicinal clues.
I will highlight the MAIN association of a particular illness...the one the boards want you
to answer....as there may be multiple associations.
Q: What illness is associated with CAFE AU LAIT spots?
A: NEUROFIBROMATOSIS (Von Recklinghausen's Disease).
Q: What common disorder causes ALOPECIA AREATA?
A: HYPOTHYROIDISM/hyperthyroidism/pernicious anemia.
Q: What process causes BLUE TOE SYNDROME?
A: CHOLESTEROL/AtheroEMBOLI. (As in recent trauma patient or post angiography).
Q: What malignacy is associated with ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS?
A: GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA.
Q: Which common cardiac medication causes GRAY-BLUEISH discoloration
of the sun exposed areas of the skin. (Light charcoal looking face).
A: AMIODARONE
Q: What condition causes KAYSER-FLEISCHER RINGS of the eyes?
A: WILSON'S DISEASE, especially in patients that have the neurologic complications
of the disease. E.g. personality changes/psychosis.
Q: Which genetic condition causes highly elastic skin(connective tissues)?
A: EHLERS-DANLOS SYNDROME. Patients have lax joints/fragile skin
and are prone to GI bleeding, due to lax vascular tissues.
Q: Which condition causes SADDLE NOSE DEFORMITY?
A: WEGENER'S GRANULOMATOSIS. The nasal bridge collapses due to destruction
of bony cartilage by the granuloma.
Q: Which tick borne illness causes ERYTHEMA MIGRANS rash?
A: LYME'S DISEASE...this finding can be absent in 25% of patients!
Thank you for you time...we'll be back soon.
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